Fidelity to the Word
Our Lord and His Holy Apostles at the Last Supper


A blog dedicated to Christ Jesus our Lord and His True Presence in the Holy Mystery of the Eucharist


The Lord Jesus, the same night in which He was betrayed, took bread, and giving thanks, broke, and said: Take ye and eat, this is My Body which shall be delivered for you; this do for the commemoration of Me. In like manner also the chalice.

Friday, February 24, 2006

Histories of the Mass

From the CTNgreg Yahoo group:

>Can anyone recommend a book, pamphlet or video that deals
>with the history and meaning of the major parts of the Latin
>Mass? In other words, a good history of the Mass ...
>
>
>[Presumably shorter and more readable than the 1000-page
>Jungmann history, republished in 1986 in two paperback
>volumes by Christian Classics?
>-Asst Mod.]

An old standard is

Adrian Fortesque, The Mass: A Study of the Roman Liturgy
This 400-page book is attractively summarized in the 50-page pamphlet
Michael Davies, A Short History of the Roman Mass
which is inexpensive, widely available, and probably the place to start.

A new standard in this genre is
Alcuin Reid, The Organic Development of the Liturgy, 2004
that is endorsed by Cardinal Ratzinger (among others).

Henry Edwards

~~~

and someone else wrote:

Fortescue's book, "The Mass", that you mention is good. Josef Jungmann's two volume edition "The Mass of the Roman Rite" is probably considered the magisterial treatment on the history of the Roman Liturgy. It is a pre-conciliar work, so it will not get into the liturgical direction of the post-conciliar era and thus it will focus probably where you want it to, the classical Roman liturgy.

Another good bet is to look at some of the proceedings from the CIEL colloquia, e.g. Theological and Historical Aspects of the Roman Missal (to name one that is particularly suited to your interests). Check them out here: www.ciel-uk.org

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Tridentine Mass 90%+ same as Roman Rite a century earlier

According to Luc Perrin*, writing in the ctngreg yahoo group:

"Tridentine" is conveying the false idea, used by pope Paul VI in his 1969 constitution promulgating NOM, that council of Trent = Tridentine liturgy, Vatican II = Novus Ordo, so everything's fine. When it is neither fine nor correct, historically speaking. The Pian missal is in no way a complete reshaping of the previous Roman liturgy, but is reprinting over 90% of a missal edited one century ago, adding the "rubrics".

Allen Maynard adds:
The Ordinary of the 1570 Missal was identical to that of 1474 and differed very little from the 8th century versions.

If you don't have one, get a copy of Michael Davies' wonderful little booklet "A Short History of the Roman Mass" - it is an indispensible 'primer' on the highlights of Western liturgical development. The text is available online at: http://www.latin-mass-society.org/msshst1.htm.

Luc Perrin again:
> Is there any telling how much the Roman Rite changed in the century
> prior to Trent? I am curious how different the missals used in Rome
> immediately before Trent were from the one authorized by Pius V.

very limited changes have been introduced by the Commission installed by s. Pius V : reminder once more "Trent" has nothing to do with that, except to mandate the pope for this reduced revision. Apart from the "rubrics", the Pian missal is making compulsory the Last Gospel, which was existing before but as a pious exercise. I've read it has also incorporated other minor changes. I've read the Pian missal is mainly a reprint of a Roman Curia missal dating around 1470.

That being said, there were numerous diocesan missals in the whole Latin Church, plus the particular rites/uses of some religious orders. The principal aim of the Pian missal was not to revise the Roman rite but to introduce more liturgical unity within the Latin Church, in a very soft manner : the pope confirmed all rites over 200 years, i.e. nearly all that were existing in 1570.

---
* Luc Perrin is a professor at the University of Strasbourg 2 - Marc Bloch, where he teaches History of the Church.

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Thursday, February 23, 2006

Missale Romanum: Promulgation of the New Missal by Paul VI

(From the Vatican website).
...
The major innovation concerns the Eucharistic Prayer. If in the Roman Rite, the first part of this Prayer, the Preface, has preserved diverse formulation in the course of the centuries, the second part, on the contrary, called "Canon of the Action," took on an unchangeable form during the fourth and fifth centuries; conversely, the Eastern liturgies allowed for this variety in their anaphoras. In this matter, however, apart from the fact that the Eucharistic Prayer is enriched by a great number of Prefaces, either derived from the ancient tradition of the Roman Church or composed recently, we have decided to add three new Canons to this Prayer. In this way the different aspects of the mystery of salvation will be emphasized and they will procure richer themes for the thanksgiving. However, for pastoral reasons, and in order to facilitate concelebration, we have ordered that the words of the Lord ought to be identical in each formulary of the Canon. Thus, in each Eucharistic Prayer, we wish that the words be pronounced thus: over the bread: ACCIPITE ET MANDUCATE EX HOC OMNES: HOC EST ENIM CORPUS MEUM, QUOD PRO VOBIS TRADETUR; over the chalice: ACCIPITE ET BIBITE EX EO OMNES: HIC EST ENIM CALIX SANGUINIS MEI NOVI ET AETERNI TESTAMENTI, QUI PRO VOBIS ET PRO MULTIS EFFUNDETUR IN REMISSIONEM PECCATORUM. HOC FACITE IN MEAM COMMEMORATIONEM. The words MYSTERIUM FIDEI, taken from the context of the words of Christ the Lord, and said by the priest, serve as an introduction to the acclamation of the faithful.
...
In conclusion, we wish to give the force of law to all that we have set forth concerning the new Roman Missal. In promulgating the official edition of the Roman Missal, Our predecessor, St. Pius V, presented it as an instrument of liturgical unity and as a witness to the purity of the worship the Church. While leaving room in the new Missal, according to the order of the Second Vatican Council, "for legitimate variations and adaptations,"(15) we hope nevertheless that the Missal will be received by the faithful as an instrument which bears witness to and which affirms the common unity of all. Thus, in the great diversity of languages, one unique prayer will rise as an acceptable offering to our Father in heaven, through our High-Priest Jesus Christ, in the Holy Spirit.

We order that the prescriptions of this Constitution go into effect November 30th of this year, the first Sunday of Advent.

We wish that these Our decrees and prescriptions may be firm and effective now and in the future, notwithstanding, to the extent necessary, the apostolic constitutions and ordinances issued by Our predecessors, and other prescriptions, even those deserving particular mention and derogation.

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Quo Primum: Pius V's codification of the Liturgy of the Roman Rite

http://www.unavoce.org/quoprim.htm

APOSTOLIC CONSTITUTION OF HIS HOLINESS

POPE SAINT PIUS V

JULY 13, 1570

...
Let all everywhere adopt and observe what has been handed down by the Holy Roman Church, the Mother and Teacher of the other churches, and let Masses not be sung or read according to any other formula than that of this Missal published by Us. This ordinance applies henceforth, now, and forever, throughout all the provinces of the Christian world, to all patriarchs, cathedral churches, collegiate and parish churches, be they secular or religious, both of men and of women - even of military orders - and of churches or chapels without a specific congregation in which conventual Masses are sung aloud in choir or read privately in accord with the rites and customs of the Roman Church. This Missal is to be used by all churches, even by those which in their authorization are made exempt, whether by Apostolic indult, custom, or privilege, or even if by oath or official confirmation of the Holy See, or have their rights and faculties guarenteed to them by any other manner whatsoever.

This new rite alone is to be used unless approval of the practice of saying Mass differently was given at the very time of the institution and confirmation of the church by Apostolic See at least 200 years ago, or unless there has prevailed a custom of a similar kind which has been continuously followed for a period of not less than 200 years, in which most cases We in no wise rescind their above-mentioned prerogative or custom. However, if this Missal, which we have seen fit to publish, be more agreeable to these latter, We grant them permission to celebrate Mass according to its rite, provided they have the consent of their bishop or prelate or of their whole Chapter, everything else to the contrary notwithstanding. All other of the churches referred to above, however, are hereby denied the use of other missals, which are to be discontinued entirely and absolutely; whereas, by this present Constitution, which will be valid henceforth, now, and forever, We order and enjoin that nothing must be added to Our recently published Missal, nothing omitted from it, nor anything whatsoever be changed within it under the penalty of Our displeasure.

We specifically command each and every patriarch, administrator, and all other persons or whatever ecclesiastical dignity they may be, be they even cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, or possessed of any other rank or pre-eminence, and We order them in virtue of holy obedience to chant or to read the Mass according to the rite and manner and norm herewith laid down by Us and, hereafter, to discontinue and completely discard all other rubrics and rites of other missals, however ancient, which they have customarily followed; and they must not in celebrating Mass presume to introduce any ceremonies or recite any prayers other than those contained in this Missal.

Furthermore, by these presents [this law], in virtue of Our Apostolic authority, We grant and concede in perpetuity that, for the chanting or reading of the Mass in any church whatsoever, this Missal is hereafter to be followed absolutely, without any scruple of conscience or fear of incurring any penalty, judgment, or censure, and may freely and lawfully be used. Nor are superiors, administrators, canons, chaplains, and other secular priests, or religious, of whatever title designated, obliged to celebrate the Mass otherwise than as enjoined by Us. We likewise declare and ordain that no one whosoever is forced or coerced to alter this Missal, and that this present document cannot be revoked or modified, but remain always valid and retain its full force notwithstanding the previous constitutions and decrees of the Holy See, as well as any general or special constitutions or edicts of provincial or synodal councils, and notwithstanding the practice and custom of the aforesaid churches, established by long and immemorial prescription - except, however, if more than two hundred years' standing.
...

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Great Links collections

Alan's History of Liturgy links:
http://alumni.cs.ucsb.edu/~evodius/mass.html

Eastern Liturgy Links:
http://www.catholic-forum.com/members/popestleo/easternlinks.html

Another collection of Eastern Liturgy Links:
http://hometown.aol.com/orthocath1/index.html


Byzantine Daily Prayer and Lectionary
http://www.catholic-forum.com/members/popestleo/dailyprayer.html

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